Lesson 24 – الدَّرْسُ الرَّابِعُ وَالْعِشْرُونَ

Noun and its Types (continued...) - الاسْمُ وَأَنْوَاعُهُ

Demonstrative Pronouns & their types – أَسْمَاءُ الإِشَارَةِ وَأَنْوَاعُهَا

• In this part of lesson we will learn all the Demonstrative Pronouns i.e., singular, dual and plural for masculine as well as feminine objects, In-Shā’-Allâh (God-Willing). 
• In the previous section we have already defined the Demonstrative Pronoun as "A Pronoun which is used to represent a near or distant object".
• In Arabic language there are different Demonstrative Pronouns for the dual objects and they are:
• هَذَانِ for dual masculine near object
• هَاتَانِ for dual feminine near object
• ذَانِكَ for dual masculine distant object
• تَانِكَ for dual feminine distant object.
• Let’s review some examples of the Demonstrative Pronouns

Picture	English	Arabic
	This is a pen	هَذَا قَلَمٌ.
	This is a bag	هَذِهِ حَقِيْبَةٌ.
	These are two books	هَذَانِ كِتَابَان.
	These are two baskets	هَاتَانِ سَلَّتَان.
	These are doctors	هَؤُلاءِ أَطِبَّاءُ.
	These are nurses	هَؤُلاءِ مُمَرِّضَاتٌ.
	That is the road	ذَلِكَ شَارِعٌ.
	That is a car	تِلْكَ سَيَّارَةٌ.
	Those are two boys	ذَانِكَ وَلَدَانِ.
	Those are two broom sticks	تانِكَ مِكْنَسَتَانِ.
	Those are scholars	أُؤلَئِكَ عُلَمَاءُ.
	Those are the lady doctors	أُؤلَئِكَ طَبِيبَاتٌ

Relative Pronouns - الاسْمَاءُ الْمَوْصُولَةُ

• In this part of lesson we will learn all the Relative Pronouns i.e., singular, dual and plural for masculine as well as feminine objects, In-Shā’-Allâh (God-Willing). 
• In the previous sections we have already defined the Relative Pronoun as “A Pronoun which refers or relates to some noun preceding it ".
• In Arabic language there are different Relative Pronouns for the singular, dual and plural objects which are illustrated below:

English	Transliteration	Gender/Number	Arabic	Relative Nouns
Who/That	Al-Ladhī	Masculine/Singular	الَّذِي	الأَسْمَاء الْمَوْصُولة
	Al-Latī	Feminine/Singular	الَّتِي
Those two/Who (dual)	Al-Ladhāni	Masculine/Dual	الَّذَانِ
	Al-Latāni	Feminine/Dual	اللَّتَانِ
Those all/Who all	Al-ladhīna	Masculine/ Plural	الَّذِينَ
	Al-Lā’ī	Feminine/Plural	اللائِي

• Let’s review some examples to understand this rule:

Picture	Translation	Arabic
	He is the owner of the house who went out of the house.	هُوَ مَالِكُ الْمَنْزِلِ الَّذِي خَرَجَ مِنَ الْبَيْتِ.
	This is the student who won the prize	هَذِهِ الطَّالبةُ الَّتِي حَصَلَتْ عَلَى الْجَائِزَةَ.
	They are the two students who work hard in the class	هُمَا الزَّمِيلاَنِ اللَّذَانِ يَجْتَهِدَانِ فِي الْفَصْلِ.
	They are those who cheat in the exam	هُمُ الَّذِيْنَ يَغُشُّونَ فِي الامْتِحَانِ.
	These are the two students (female) who are hard working	هَاتَانِ الطَّالِبَتَانِ اللَّتَانِ هُمَا مُجْتَهِدَتَانِ

Revision – مُرَاجَعَةٌ

• In this lesson we have learnt the following things:
• We have learnt all the forms of the Demonstrative Pronouns referring to the masculine as well as feminine nouns
• All the forms of Relative Pronouns referring to the masculine and the feminine nouns.

Vocabulary Revision – مُرَاجَعَةُ الْمُفْرَدَاتِ
These two (masculine)	هَذَانِ	These two (feminine)	هَاتَانِ
Those two(masculine)	ذَانِكَ	Those two (feminine)	تَانِكَ
Two Oranges	بُرْتُقَالَتاَنِ	Two baskets	سَلَّتَانِ
Two broom sticks	مِكْنَسَتَانِ	Favourite	مَحْبُوبٌ
Muslim Believers	مُؤْمِنُونَ	Famous (feminine dual)	مَشْهُورَتَانَ
Respectful (feminine dual)	مُؤَدَّبَتَانِ	Faithful	مُخْلِصُونَ
who (masculine dual)	اللَّذَانِ	Who (feminine dual)	اللَّتَانِ
Who (masculine plural)	الَّذِينَ	Who (feminine plural)	اللائِي
She won	حَصَلَتْ عَلَى	They cheat	يَغُشُّونَ
Noble (feminine plural)	مُحْسِنَاتٌ	He sent them	أَرْسَلَهُمْ