- Please read the sentences below. After completing the sentences we shall go over the rules for this lesson.
- In Part 1 of Lesson 1 we learn how to use the pronoun هَـٰذَا which means 'This' (called the demonstrative pronoun in grammar). /Hādhā/ is pronounced هَاذَا but is written without the first /alif/. The second word is the noun (object) being referred to, e.g.: بَيْتٌ means house.
Please click on the words to hear speech, i.e. how the words should be pronounced.
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This is a book
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This is a mosque
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This is a door
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This is a house
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- Arabic has no word which is equal to the English word "is" which is referred to as a “copula” in grammar. We can see this rule demonstrated above where we see the words for هَـٰذَا and the noun/predicate مَسْجِدٌ being referred to without any copula. i.e. هَـٰذَا مَسْجِدٌ If read literally this sentence would read "This a mosque", however, the word "is" can be implied in this sentence so that it reads "This is a mosque".
- There is no word in Arabic corresponding to "a" in English as in: "This is a book". The n-sound, i.e. the /tanwīn/ (doubled vowel sign) at the end of the Arabic noun (kitābu-n, baitu-n, masĴidu-n) is the Arabic indefinite article corresponding to the English "a/an".
- In-Shā’-Allâh (God-willing), we will continue practicing with some more examples of using the phrase /hādhā/ هَـٰذَا which means 'This is'.
Please click on the words to hear speech, i.e. how the words should be pronounced.
This is a pen.This is a chair.This is a key.
This is a bed.This is a desk.- We have learnt how to say 'This is' using the phrase /hādhā/. Now, we will learn how to say 'What is this?' to ask a question followed by the answers to the questions In-Shā’-Allâh (God-willing). Please click on part 3 below to proceed.
- In this part of lesson 1 we will learn the phraseمَا هَـٰذَا؟ which means "What's this". We shall then answer the questions with the phrase we learnt in the earlier parts, i.e. /hādhā/ هَـٰذَا.
- We will also learn the phrase أَهَـٰذَا.....؟ which means "Is this...?", for example أَهَـٰذَا بَيْتٌ؟ which means "Is this a house?”.
- In addition, we will learn the words for Yes and No in Arabic to answer these questions. The word for Yes in Arabic is نَعَمْ, and the word for No in Arabic is لا.
- As we have already learnt, the Arabic script is read from right to left, please read the sentences below from right to left.
Please click on the words to hear speech, i.e. how the words should be pronounced.PictureAnswerQuestionThis is a house.What is this?
This is a shirt.What is this?
No, this is a pen.Is this a key?Yes, this is a house.Is this a house?No, this is a chair.Is this a bed?
This is a star.What is this?- In the next parts we will learn the phrase مَنْ هَـٰذَا؟ which means "Who is this?" followed by some more sentences to revise what we have learnt in this lesson, In-Shā’-Allâh (God willing).
- Exercise – تَدْرِيبٌ
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- We have practiced reading words and learning phrases and grammar. However, it is very important to learn how to write Arabic while you are learning the language. Please read the sentences below and write them down on a piece of paper. You have already learnt what the sentences below mean in the earlier parts of the lesson so try to remember what they mean also.
- In Arabic, more experienced readers do not require the vowel-marks or diacritical marks to read the word. We have started lesson 1 showing all the vowel-marks, for example بَيْتٌ (house) where we can see the /fatħah/, /sukūn/ and /đammah/. However, with experience, we know from a combination of the letters used and the context of the sentence what the word actually means. Below, the words will appear without vowel-marks or diacritical marks (e.g. /sukūn/, /fatħah/, /kasrah/ etc). Hence, the word will be written in Arabic as بيت.
Please click on the words to hear speech, i.e. how the words should be pronounced.Read and Write اِقْرَأْ وَاكْتُبْ:- In the next part of this lesson we will learn the phrase مَنْ هَـٰذَا؟ which means "Who is this?" followed by some more sentences to revise what we have learnt in this lesson, In-Shā’-Allâh (God willing).
Who is this? - مَنْ هَـٰذَا؟- In this section we shall cover the phrase مَنْ هَـٰذَا؟ which means 'Who is this?'. We shall then answer the questions and learn some more words, In-Shā'-Allâh (God willing).
Please click on the words to hear speech, i.e. how the words should be pronounced.PictureAnswerQuestion
This is a doctor.Who is this?
This is a boy.Who is this?
This is a student.Who is this?
This is a man.Who is this?
This is a merchant.Who is this?
- In this section we shall cover a number of the phrases we have already learnt and we shall learn some new vocabulary.
Please click on the words to hear speech, i.e. how the words should be pronounced.PictureAnswerQuestion
This is a dog.What is this?
This is a cat.What is this?
This is a donkey.What is this?
This is a horse.What is this?
This is a rooster.What is this?
This is a camel.What is this?
- You will also notice that the words below do not have vowel-marks, i.e. /đammah/, /kasrah/ and /fatħah/. The vowel-marks have been deliberately omitted because when you read Arabic in normal literature, vowel-marks are seldom used. The context and your experience of words will enable you to read the word properly. The words below should be apparent without the vowel-marks as we have covered them several times already.
Read and Write اِقْرَأْ وَاكْتُبْ:- You have now completed lesson 1. To summarise, the areas we have covered are:
- The Demonstrative Pronoun - هَـٰذَا 'This is…'
- The particleأَ as in أَهَـٰذَا...؟ i.e. 'Is This a...?'
- The word مَا which means 'what' as inمَا هَـٰذَا؟ - 'What is this?'
- The words for Yes and No - نَعَمْ and لا respectively.
- The word مَنْ which means 'who' as in مَنْ هَـٰذَا؟ - 'Who is this?'
- Several new words - these have to be memorised as vocabulary is very important to learn the Arabic language. The following table shows the new words that we learnt so far in this lesson:
Vocabulary Revision – مُرَاجَعَةُ الْمُفْرَدَاتِThis (this is…)HomeDoorMosqueBookKeyChairPenDeskBedShirtStarDoctorBoyStudentManMerchantTeacherHandkerchiefDogCat (masculine)DonkeyHorseRoosterCamelYesNo- If you feel confident with the lesson covered, please move on to the next lesson where we will cover the Demonstrative Pronoun – ذَلِكَ which means 'That is…’. The next lesson is a short and relatively straightforward lesson, In-Shā'-Allâh (God willing). Please click on next lesson button below to go to lesson two.
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